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Great progress has been made in technology, machines and tools, agronomy and improvement of Mechanized Direct Seeding of rice

the effect of artificial seeding of rice has been not good enough, and there are problems such as uneven growth density, poor ventilation and daylighting, easy infection with diseases and pests, and easy lodging. China has been committed to the research on the integration and application of rice precision operation technology, and has made some progress. It is reported that through years of efforts, China's rice direct seeding mechanization technology system is improving day by day, which is a big step in the process of agricultural production mechanization in China

Mechanized Direct Seeding of rice is an efficient and simple cultivation method, which is widely used in developed countries such as the United States. In recent years, more than 30% of the rice planting area in China adopts direct seeding, but artificial seeding is still the main method; Artificially sown rice seeds are disorderly distributed in the field, with uneven growth density, poor ventilation and daylighting, easy to infect diseases and pests, and easy to fall down. In order to solve the problems existing in manual sowing and improve the mechanization level of direct seeding of rice, the Ministry of science and technology has been working on the National 863 plan project "integration and application of rice precision operation technology" since the "Eleventh Five Year Plan" The scientific and technological support plan project "Research on key technologies and equipment for intelligent control of field operations, Oshkosh's recycled materials are transported to Parker's Chinese factory for reprocessing and distribution" has given strong support to rice precision seeding technology

through years of efforts, China's rice direct seeding mechanization technology system is improving day by day. In particular, based on the concept of integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, the Luo Xiwen academician team of South China Agricultural University has made a number of major achievements in technology invention, machine and tool invention and agronomic innovation with precision hole direct seeding as the core and high yield and efficiency as the goal. First, it broke through the "three synchronization" rice precision hole direct seeding technology: including synchronous furrow and ridging, synchronous furrow and ridging fertilization and synchronous furrow and ridging spraying rice precision hole direct seeding technology. Synchronous furrow and ridging rice precision hole direct seeding technology opens a sowing ditch and a water storage ditch on the field at the same time. The sowing ditch is located on the ridge platform between the two water storage ditches. The method of hole seeding is used to sow the rice bud seeds in the sowing ditch, realizing the orderly growth of rows and holes. The root growth takes about 15s, and the lodging is reduced, which can save more than 30% water and reduce methane emissions, The technology of precise direct seeding of rice can save more than 30% fertilizer; The technology of simultaneous furrowing and ridging and spraying precision hole direct seeding of rice can spray herbicides at the same time of sowing. Second, three kinds of seed metering devices of mechanical and pneumatic types and one kind of synchronous deep fertilization device suitable for rice precision hole direct seeding technology were invented. It includes the core and key components, such as the combined hole type seed metering device suitable for medium sowing rate and adjustable sowing rate, the vertical disk pneumatic precision seed metering device suitable for hybrid rice or super hybrid rice precision and low sowing rate, the air blowing collection and metering device suitable for high-speed large sowing rate precision dry direct seeding, and the two-stage spiral fertilizer ejector suitable for paddy field operation. There are 15 types of rice precision water hole direct seeding machine and rice precision dry hole direct seeding machine, which realize optional row spacing, adjustable hole spacing and controllable seeding amount. Thirdly, the mechanism of yield formation and physiological characteristics of precision hole direct seeding rice were explored, and the high-yield cultivation technology of precision hole direct seeding rice was invented, including: seed soaking agent, rice seed coating, blind grain sowing and other fully adjusted seedling technology with a gap between steel ball and valve seat of about 0.5mm; The application of slow-release and controlled-release fertilizers with different formulas in precision hole direct seeding of rice invented the special ecological fertilizer for rice; "Synchronization of sowing and spraying" + the "sealing and killing" prevention and control technology of weeding in seedling stage. The technical regulations for precision hole direct seeding of rice suitable for different regions, different stubbles and different varieties were formulated

on November 29, supported by the China Rural Technology Development Center and co sponsored by the Ministry of agriculture of the Chinese Academy of engineering and South China Agricultural University, the 2016 International Symposium on Rice Mechanized direct seeding technology was held in Guangzhou. More than 450 representatives from the United States, Japan, Greece and other nine countries attended the conference. Academician yuanlongping of the Chinese Academy of engineering, Academician Wang Maohua, academician Chen Wenfu, academician Zhang Hongcheng Academicians song Baoan and Luo Xiwen and academician Xie Huaan of the Chinese Academy of Sciences attended the seminar, and director Jia jingdun of the Rural Center was invited to attend. The convening of the conference is of great significance for learning the international experience of mechanized rice planting and further strengthening the research, promotion and application of Mechanized Direct Seeding Technology of rice in China